Wednesday of the Thirty-second week in Ordinary Time

Book of Wisdom

Hear, O kings, and understand; learn, you magistrates of the earth’s expanse! Hearken, you who are in power over the multitude and lord it over throngs of peoples!
Because authority was given you by the LORD and sovereignty by the Most High, who shall probe your works and scrutinize your counsels!
Because, though you were ministers of his kingdom, you judged not rightly, and did not keep the law, nor walk according to the will of God,
Terribly and swiftly shall he come against you, because judgment is stern for the exalted-
For the lowly may be pardoned out of mercy but the mighty shall be mightily put to the test.
For the Lord of all shows no partiality, nor does he fear greatness, Because he himself made the great as well as the small, and he provides for all alike;
but for those in power a rigorous scrutiny impends.
To you, therefore, O princes, are my words addressed that you may learn wisdom and that you may not sin.
For those who keep the holy precepts hallowed shall be found holy, and those learned in them will have ready a response.
Desire therefore my words; long for them and you shall be instructed.

Psalms

Defend the lowly and the fatherless;
render justice to the afflicted and the destitute.
Rescue the lowly and the poor;
from the hand of the wicked deliver them.
I said: “You are gods,
all of you sons of the Most High;
yet like men you shall die,
and fall like any prince.”

Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Luke

As Jesus continued his journey to Jerusalem, he traveled through Samaria and Galilee.
As he was entering a village, ten lepers met him. They stood at a distance from him
and raised their voice, saying, "Jesus, Master! Have pity on us!"
And when he saw them, he said, "Go show yourselves to the priests." As they were going they were cleansed.
And one of them, realizing he had been healed, returned, glorifying God in a loud voice;
and he fell at the feet of Jesus and thanked him. He was a Samaritan.
Jesus said in reply, "Ten were cleansed, were they not? Where are the other nine?
Has none but this foreigner returned to give thanks to God?"
Then he said to him, "Stand up and go; your faith has saved you."

St. Albert the Great((c. 1200-1280))

SAINT ALBERT the GREAT Bishop and Doctor of Church (c. 1200-1280) Albert is called the great because of his extraordinary learning and tutelage of some of the Church's brightest saints. He was born at Lauingen on the Danube in Swabia; and carefully educated from boyhood. To pursue higher learning, he left his native land and went to Padua. At the urging of the blessed Jordan, Master General of the Order of Preachers, and against the opposition of his uncle, Albert sought admission to the order of St. Dominic. During his novitiate, he was conspicuous for his piety and strict observance of the rule. Albert loved the Blessed Virgin Mary and prayed Her Rosary. To reach his potential, he completed his studies at Cologne. Afterward, he was appointed professor at Hildesheim, Fribourg, Ratisbon and Strasbourg successively. Albert gained fame as a professor at Paris. Among his beloved pupils was Thomas Aquinas; and he was the first to recognize and acclaim the latter's great intellect. At Anagni, in the presence of the Supreme Pontiff Alexander IV, Albert refuted William's allegations against the mendicant orders. He was later consecrated Bishop of Ratisbon. In giving counsel and settling disputes, Bp. Albert carried himself so admirably that he earned the title of peacemaker. He wrote many things on almost every branch of learning, but especially on sacred subjects. He also composed magnificent works about the Sacrament of the Altar. Bp. Albert passed away in the year 1280. He was venerated in many dioceses and by the Order of Preachers. At the request of the Congregation of Sacred Rites, Pope Pius XI gave him the title of doctor and extended his feast to the universal Church. Pope Pius XII presented him as a patron for students of the natural sciences.

St. Raphael Kalinowski(O.C.D. († 1907))

Raphael Kalinowski O.C.D. (1835-1907) Father Raphael of Saint Joseph Kalinowski was born at Vilna, Lithuania, on September 1, 1835. In baptism, he was named Joseph. Through his father's teaching at the Institute for Nobles, Joseph progressed so much that he received the maximum distinction in studies. He afterward studied in the school of agriculture at Hory, Czechia, from 1851 to 1852. From 1853 to 1857, Joseph studied at the Academy of Military Engineering, St. Petersburg: obtaining his degree and the rank of lieutenant. Afterward, he was appointed Lecturer in Mathematics at the same academy. In 1859, he took part in designing the Kursk-Kiev-Odessa railway. In 1863, the Polish insurrection broke out against Russia. Joseph resigned from the Russian forces and accepted the post of Minister of War for the region of Vilna in the rebel army. On March 24, 1864, he was arrested and sentenced to death: a penalty that was mitigated to 10 years of hard labor in Siberia. With admirable strength of spirit and patient love for his fellow exiles, Joseph instilled in them a spirit of prayer, serenity and hope: also giving material help and encouragement. Repatriated in 1874, he accepted the post of tutor to the Venerable Servant of God, Augusto Czartoryski: living mostly in Paris. His influence on the young prince was such that Augusto discovered his true vocation as a priest and religious. He was received into the Salesians by their founder, Saint John Bosco, in 1887. On the other hand, Joseph Kalinowski entered the Discalced Carmelites at Graz in Austria, and received the religious name Brother Raphael of Saint Joseph. He studied theology in Hungary and was ordained a priest at Czerna, near Krakow, on January 15, 1882. Ablaze with apostolic zeal, Fr. Raphael did not spare himself in helping the faithful. He likewise assisted his Carmelite brothers and sisters in the ascent of the mountain of perfection. In the sacrament of Reconciliation, he lifted up many from the mire of sin. He worked to reunify the Church, and bequeathed this mission to his Carmelite brothers and sisters. His superiors entrusted him with many important offices, which he carried out perfectly until the time of his death. Overcome by fatigue and suffering, but held in great respect by religious and laypersons alike, Fr. Raphael was called by God to Heaven on November 15, 1907. He passed away at Wadowice at a monastery he founded. He was buried in the monastery cemetery at Czerna, near Krakow. During his life and after death, he enjoyed remarkable fame for sanctity, even on the part of the most noble and illustrious persons, such as the Cardinals Dunajewski, Puzyna, Kakowski and Gotti. The Ordinary Process for his eventual beatification was set in motion at the Curia of Krakow during the years 1934 to 1938. In 1943, the decree was issued concerning his writings. His cause was introduced in 1952; and from 1953 to 1956, the Apostolic Process was conducted where the Congregation discussed his virtues. On October 11, 1980, Pope John Paul II promulgated the decree on the heroicity of Fr. Raphael's virtues. After the approval of the miraculous healing of the Reverend Mis, the Holy Father beatified Fr. Raphael Kalinowski at Krakow on June 22, 1983. As the fame of his miracles increased, the Curia of Krakow, in 1989, set in motion the Canonical Process to investigate the extraordinary healing of a young child. The discussions of the doctors, theologians and cardinals were brought to a happy conclusion. On July 10, 1990, Pope John Paul II, approved the miracle for the canonization. In the Consistory of November 26, 1990, Pope John Paul II, together with the Cardinals, agreed to canonize Blessed Raphael Kalinowski. They set the ceremony for Sunday, November 17, 1991, presenting St. Raphael Kalinowski as a model and patron for the young and the young at heart.

Bl. Mary of the Passion((1839-1904))

Blessed Mary of the Passion Foundress of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary(1839-1904) Bl. Mary was born on May 21, 1839, at Nantes, France. Her patrician, Christian family named her Hélène Marie Philippine de Chappotin de Neuville. From her earliest years, she nurtured supernatural and natural virtues. In April 1856, during a retreat, she first experienced God's calling to a consecrated life. Her mother's sudden passing shortly afterward delayed her profession of vows. In December 1860, with the consent of the Bishop of Nantes, she entered the Poor Clares: attracted by St. Francis' simplicity and poverty of spirit. On January 23, 1861, while still a postulant, she had a profound experience of God who invited her to offer herself as a victim for the Church and the pope. This experience marked her for life. A short time after, having become seriously ill, she was obliged to leave the monastery. When she was well again, her confessor directed her towards the Society of Marie Reparatrice. She entered in 1864; and on the following August 15, at Toulouse, she received the religious habit with the name Mary of the Passion. In March 1865, while still a novice, she was sent to India to the Apostolic Vicariate of Madurai and confided to the Society of Jesus. The Reparatrice sisters were tasked with forming the sisters of the congregation as well as being involved in other apostolic activities. It was there that she pronounced her temporary vows on May 3, 1866. Because of her supernatural and natural virtues, Bl. Mary was nominated local superior. In July 1867, she was named provincial superior of the three convents of the Reparatrice. Under her guidance, the works of the apostolate developed, peace in the mission was reestablished, and fervor and regularity blossomed in the communities. In 1874, a new house was founded in Ootacamund, in the Vicariate of Coimbatore, entrusted to the Paris Foreign Mission Society. However, in 1876, at Madurai, the dissensions became exacerbated to such an extent that some religious, among them Bl. Mary, were driven to leave the Society of Marie Reparatrice. They reunited at Ootacamund under the jurisdiction of the Vicar Apostolic of Coimbatore, Monsignor Joseph Bardou MEP. In November 1876, Bl. Mary went to Rome to regularize the situation of the twenty separated sisters. On January 6, 1877, she obtained Pius IX's authorization to found a new Institute, which was to be specifically missionary and was to be called the Missionaries of Mary. On the suggestion of the Congregation of Propaganda Fide, Bl. Mary opened a novitiate at Saint-Brieuc in France, where numerous vocations emerged. In April 1880, and in June 1882, the Servant of God went to Rome to resolve difficulties threatening the stability and growth of the young Institute. The journey in June 1882 marked an important stage in her life: She was authorized to open a house in Rome and rediscovered the Franciscan direction through providential circumstances. On October 4, 1882, in the Church of the Aracoeli, she was received into the Third Order of Saint Francis; and thus began her friendship with the Servant of God, Fr. Bernardin de Portogruaro, Minister General, who supported her with paternal solicitude during her trials. In March 1883, due to latent opposition, Bl. Mary was deposed from her office of Superior of the Institute. However, after an inquiry ordered by Leo XIII, her innocence was fully acknowledged. At the Chapter of July 1884, she was reelected. The Institute of the Missionaries of Mary developed rapidly. On August 12, 1885, both the Laudatory Decree and that of affiliation to the Order of Friars Minor were issued. The Constitutions were approved ad experimentum on July 17, 1890, and definitively on May 11, 1896. Overcoming all obstacles and boundaries, missionaries were sent regularly to the most perilous and distant places. The zeal of the Foundress knew no bounds in responding to the calls of the poor and the abandoned. She was particularly interested in the promotion of women and the social question. With intelligence and discretion, she offered collaboration to pioneers who were working in these spheres. Her intense activity drew its dynamism from contemplation of the great mysteries of faith. For Bl. Mary, all led back to the Trinity and unity of God, who is truth communicating itself and seeing itself. It was in union with these mysteries that, in an ecclesial and missionary dimension, she lived her vocation. Jesus in the Eucharist was for her "The Great Missionary"; and Holy Mary's motherly care traced out for her the path of unconditional donation to the work of God. Thus Bl. Mary of the Passion opened her Institute to the horizons of universal mission, accomplished in Francis of Assisi's evangelical spirit of simplicity, poverty and charity. She took great care of the spiritual formation of the religious. In 1900, her Institute received the seal of blood through the martyrdom of seven Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, who were beatified in 1946 and canonised during the Great Jubilee of the year 2000. To be the spiritual mother of these missionaries who had known how to live to the shedding of their blood, the ideal proposed by her, was both a great sorrow, a great joy and a time of great emotion. Worn out by fatigue from journeying and daily labor, Bl. Mary died peacefully at San Remo on November 15, 1904, after a brief illness: leaving more than 2,000 religious and 86 houses across four continents. Her relics are venerated in a private oratory of the General House of the Institute of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary in Rome. In February 1918, at San Remo, the Informative Process was opened for the Cause of Beatification and Canonization. In 1941, the Decree on the writings was promulgated; and during the following years, numerous postulatory letters were addressed to the Holy See from all parts of the world in favor of the Cause of the Servant of God. After the Consultors had voted unanimously in its favor, the Decree for the Introduction of the Cause was published on January 19, 1979, with the approbation of Pope John Paul II. On June 28, 1999, the Pope solemnly promulgated the decree on the heroicity of the virtues of Mother Mary of the Passion. On March 5, 2002, the healing of a religious suffering from pulmonary and vertebral TBC, Pott's Disease, was recognized as a miracle granted by God through the intercession of the Venerable Mary of the Passion. OnOctober 20, 2002, Mary of the Passion was beatified.

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